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Author Guidelines

Submission of a paper will be taken to imply that it has not previously been published, except in abstract form, and that it is not being considered for publication elsewhere. Decision as to publication of papers submitted to the Archives Italiennes de Biologie will be based on the opinion of the Editorial Board as to the significance and originality of the work.

Article types

• Full-length papers, reporting results of original research. The major part of each issue will be comprised of original full-length papers.
• Short communications, reporting on research in progress.
• Review articles, discussing current developments of interest to neuroscientists, both as stand alone manuscript and as occasional special issues.
• Book reviews, discussing publications of general interest to neuroscientists.

The journal will also consider articles on historical aspects of neuroscience, methodological papers, and editorials.

Authors are indeed encouraged to contact the Chief-Editors to discuss opportunities for submission of articles that do not fall into the standard categories.

Manuscripts should be submitted electronically via the Archives Italiennes de Biologie page on http://www.architalbiol.org

If you are uncertain about the suitability or general format of your proposed work for publication in Archives Italiennes de Biologie, authors may contact the Managing Editors for advice and guidance.

Once you are ready to submit, go to http://www.architalbiol.org

• Login or register to the Archives Italiennes de Biologie website
  N.B. Please, be sure to be registered as an Author to be able to submit items to the journal
• In your user homepage, select the Author and then the Start a New Submission options
• Step 1. Starting the Submission - Select the appropriate section for this submission, indicate that the submission is ready to be considered by this journal by checking off the checklist items. In this step, you can also add comments to the Editor.
• ­Step 2. Entering the Submission's Metadata - Enter author information, manuscript title and abstracts, and acknowledgments. Please note that at each stage of the submission process it is possible to go back a step, save the submission to continue later, or remove/change any information already entered.
• Step 3. Uploading the Manuscript File- Upload a single manuscript file, including only the title page and the full-text body of the manuscript.
  N.B. This step allows the author to submit just one file
• Step 4. Uploading Submission Files - In this section, you can upload your figures, tables, cover letter and supplementary materials, that could be either included in the printed version or published only online. In the upload window, complete each file description and, if appropriate, select the Present file to reviewers option.
  N.B. This step allows the author to submit multiple files
• Step 5. Confirming the Submission - A list of the uploaded files will appear. If correct, confirm your paper submission.
• You will receive confirmation of your submission, and further progress of your paper at every stage of its review period thereafter, via email.

Hardcopy submission of manuscripts is no longer recommended

If resubmitting your manuscript after the first round of revision, please use the Uploading Submission Files webpage to upload your files (revised manuscript, modified tables and figures, responses to referees' reports, etc.). In the upload window, complete each file description and, if appropriate, select the Present file to reviewers option.

To facilitate efficient and effective peer review of manuscripts, all manuscripts are now to be submitted electronically. In cases of difficulty operating the electronic process, or in order to ship a hardcopy of your manuscript, please contact the Managing Editor for help and advice.

Authorship

To be identified as an author, the participant should have contributed to the conception and design of the project, drafted substantive portions of the paper or edited or revised same, and taken responsibility for the analysis and conclusions of the paper.

Preparation of manuscripts

Manuscripts should be prepared electronically using an appropriate Office Word compatible text-processing package, formatted for A4 or letter page size, double-spaced throughout, and using a 12 point font. Articles must be written in English (either British or American spelling). Text should flush left, and not be justified. Words should not be hyphenated. Pages should be numbered sequentially.

There should be a separate title page with:

a) the title
b) the authors' names
c) the laboratory of origin, with complete address of each author
d) a running title
e) the address to which proofs should be sent
f) acknowledgements

In order to promote fairness of the review process, the Editors provide an anonymous review of all manuscripts. In order to achieve this, these separate pages will be removed from the manuscripts sent to referees.

Authors will be sent reviewer comments. All reviewers will remain anonymous. Authors are informed about the Editors' decision after the review process is completed.

The main body of full-length paper should be divided into:

1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Methods
4. Results
5. Discussion
6. References

Short communications should neither be divided in sections nor is the abstract required; the text should not be longer than 4 printed pages, including tables and illustrations.

Review articles must have an initial Table of Contents and a final Summary.

Book reviews, should not be longer than one printed page.

In general, there are no specific word lengths for any manuscript. The general principle is that a manuscript can be as long as necessary to communicate clearly and most effectively the scientific message, but should be as short as possible to achieve a complete presentation of the information without undue repetition or redundancy.

In the Methods section, the source of all compounds, equipment or software should be identified by the full name of the supplier, city, state/country. The chemical names of any drug should precede the trade name.

Papers describing animal experiments must define species, strain, sex, age, supplier and number of animals used. An ethical statement concerning the use of animals, or the details of ethical approvals, consent and recruitment of human subjects should be clearly stated. Results and Discussion can be broken down into subsections for improving the comprehensibility. The Results should not repeat methodological details and should avoid the discussion of the data.

The results of statistical tests should be incorporated in the body of the text, typically in the Results section, rather than in figure legends. Adequate description of statistical analysis should be provided. Statistical measures of variation in the text, illustrations and tables, should be identified.

All dimensions and measurements must be specified in the metric system.

All subscripts, superscripts, Greek letters and unusual characters must be clearly identified.

In the text, abbreviations should be used consistently. Abbreviations should be defined on first use.

In the title, throughout the text and in the figure legends, foreign, in particular Latin and Greek, terms should be italicised. Genes and species should also be italicised, whereas the protein products of genes should have a leading capital but are not italicised.

References

References should be cited in the text in parenthesis, e.g. (Rossi, 1999; Brown et al., 2003; Smith and Black, 2007, 2008) except when the author name is part of a sentence as: The procedure used has been described elsewhere (Bianchi et al., 2005) or Our findings are consistent with Brown and Black (1979) and of White et al. (1980).

References should be typed in a list, alphabetically arranged according to the last name of the first author on a separate sheet and double spaced. All items on the list of references should be cited in the text and, conversely, all references cited in the text must be presented in the list. In two-author papers with the same first author, the order is alphabetical by the second author's name. In three-or-more-author papers with the same first author, the order is chronological. Reference citations should only be to published material or manuscripts that are accepted for publication and in press. Personal communications and unpublished observations should not be cited in the list of references, but may be noted in parentheses in the text.

The style of citation should conform to that used in this issue of the Archives Italiennes de Biologie (see examples below). Abbreviations of journal titles should comply with the List of Serial Title Word Abbreviations, CIEPS/ISDS, Paris, 1985 (ISBN 2-904938-02-8).

Balaban E., Centini C., Pompeiano P. Tonic gravity changes after gene expression in the efferent vestibular nucleus. NeuroReport, 13: 187-190, 2002.

Clément G. and Reschke M.F. Neurosensory and sensory-motor functions. pp. 178-258. In: Moore D., Bie P., and Oser E. (Eds.) Biological and medical research in space. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Springer Verlag, 1996.

Cohen B. The vestibulo-ocular reflex arc. pp. 477-540. In: Kornhuber H.H. (Ed.) Vestibular system. Part 1: Basic mechanisms (Handbook of Sensory Physiology Vol. IV/1). Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Springer Verlag, 1974.

Daunton N.G., Ross M.D., Fox R.A., Corcoran M.L., Cutler L.K., Wu L.C. Effects of chronic hypergravity on the righting reflex and vestibular endorgan morphology in the rat. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 17: 316, 1991.

Dews P.B. and Wiesel T.N. Consequences of monocular deprivation on visual behavior in kittens. J. Physiol., 206: 437-455, 1970.

Figures

Submit illustrations as separate files, only as TIFF or EPS files, with a minimum resolution of 300dpi, 100% size reproduction and with a format of to fit within a single or double column width of 70 mm and 140 mm, respectively, and a maximum page height of 190 mm. Original figures only are accepted. Figures reproduced from previous publications should specified the original reference in the figure legend.

All lettered figures should use the same fonts, and the key to symbols should be within the framework rather than in the legend of the figure.

When preparing graphs or histograms, please include an indication of the variability of the data. Limit shadings, fills and tridimensional representation in graphs to ensure that columns in histograms are easily distinguished between different groups and conditions.

All illustrations should be referred to in the text in the order of appearance as figures, and numbered sequentially such as Figure 1, Figure 2, etc.

Panels within figures should be labelled by capital letters (A, B, C, etc.) and referred to in the text such as Figure 1A, Figure 2B, etc.

Besides adjustments aimed at increasing the quality of reproduction, no other manipulation of digital images (brightness, contrast, sharpness etc.) is permitted.

Colour figures can be included in the print publication, but the expense must be borne by the authors. The cost of colour reproduction in the journal is 550€ for page.

Authors can decide to only publish their figures in colour in the electronic publication (at no extra charge) whilst retaining greyscale reproduction in the printed version.

Tables

Tables of numerical data should each be typed with double spacing on separate pages numbered in sequence in Roman numerals, provided with a heading, and referred to in the text, as Table I, Table II, etc. Each table should have a brief but descriptive heading. Explanatory matter should be included in footnotes to the table.

Supplementary files

Archives Italiennes de Biologie now accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more.

Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file.

Disclosure of competing interests and financial support

Disclosure of conflict of interest and financial support is required at the time of submission. The authors are responsible for informing the Journal of any additional conflicts of interest or financial support that may arise prior to the date of publication of their paper. All authors must individually disclose all potential conflicts of interest and financial support, whether or not directly related to the subject of their paper.

Legal requirements

Papers describing animal experiments must be conducted in conformity with the legal requirements. Evidence should be provided by the Authors that they took adequate steps to ensure that animals did not suffer, and that the experiments were conducted in accordance with international standards on animal welfare as well as being compliant with local and national regulations. Studies are expected to be compliant with minimal standards as defined by the European Communities Council Directive 86/609/EEC and the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.

Papers describing experiments on human subjects should be conducted in conformity with the experimental protocol approved by the appropriate local ethics committee, and in compliance with national legislation and the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki), and must include a statement that written informed consent was obtained after the procedure(s) had been fully explained. If your submission does not contain written informed consent or Institutional Review Board approval, it will not be reviewed. Ethical and legal considerations require careful attention to the protection of a patient's anonymity in any component (text, figures, tables, etc.) of the manuscript.

Proofs and reprints

Proofs should be corrected and returned promptly to the Managing Editors within 48 hours of receipt electronically, by email or by fax as appropriate. Corrections should be kept to a minimum.

Reprints can be supplied only if ordered at the time in which proofs are returned by the Author. Unless specified, the invoice will be sent to the Author to whom the proofs were addressed.

Copyright

Upon acceptance of a paper the entire copyright shall pass to the University of Pisa. Request for permission to reproduce any part of papers published in Archives Italiennes de Biologie should be addressed to the Administration of the Archives. The Chief Editors will normally grant all requests from authors to reproduce material from their own papers. Request of permission must be accompanied by the consent of the Authors concerned.

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

1. The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
2. There is a separate title page with:
   a) the title
   b) the authors' names
   c) the laboratory of origin, with complete address of each author
   d) a running title
   e) the address to which proofs should be sent
   f) acknowledgements
3. Manuscripts are prepared electronically using an appropriate Office Word compatible text-processing package, formatted for A4 or letter page size, double-spaced throughout, and using a 12 point font. Articles are written in English. Text is flushed left. Words are not hyphenated. Pages arenumbered sequentially.

4. The main body of full-length paper should be divided into:
   1) Abstract
   2) Introduction
   3) Methods
   4) Results
   5) Discussion
   6) References

5. The text and the references meets this journal's formatting requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.

Copyright Notice

Upon acceptance of a paper the entire copyright shall pass to the University of Pisa. A Copyright Transfer Form, which must be signed by all authors once the paper is accepted for publication, will be sent to the corresponding author.
Request for permission to reproduce any part of papers published in Archives Italiennes de Biologie should be addressed to the Administration of the Archives. The Chief Editors will normally grant all requests from authors to reproduce material from their own papers. Request of permission must be accompanied by the consent of the Authors concerned.

Author Fees

This journal charges the following author fees.

Article Publication: 100.00 (EUR)
If this paper is accepted for publication, you will be asked to pay an Article Publication Fee to cover publications costs.

If you do not have funds to pay such fees, you will have an opportunity to waive each fee. We do not want fees to prevent the publication of worthy work.